A man walking outside in the city.

Sidewalk slip and fall accidents happen all the time, and depending on the nature and location of the incident, the injured individual may be able to claim resulting damages from their injury from either public or private entities.

Read on to learn more about which situations may create a possible personal injury case and how a personal injury attorney might approach the scenario.

Determining Ownership and Duty of Care for a Sidewalk

Typically, the sidewalks we think of are considered part of the public right-of-way, which means the public has the right to access them whenever they want.

Some sidewalks, especially those in neighborhoods maintained by a homeowner’s association (HOA), are actually privately owned even though they appear identical to normal, publicly accessible sidewalks. In these cases, the HOA expects residents and their invited guests to use them. Other times, a property owner may have a sidewalk that they do not wish the public to access, which should be accompanied by signs like “POSTED: NO TRESPASSING.”

Even in instances where a sidewalk is part of the public right-of-way, a state or municipal agency may not be responsible for maintaining it. On private property, for instance, the owner of the property that the sidewalk intersects is generally expected to maintain the section of sidewalk in front of their house or property. [Charleston, West Virginia Code § 102-52]

In areas with more deliberate urban planning, such as downtown Charleston, the local public works agency or a related agency may have a duty to keep sidewalks cleaned, maintained and in repair.

Knowing who has a duty to maintain and repair sidewalks can help you know who could be liable for any any injuries that result from a sidewalk in disrepair.

Liability and Negligence for Sidewalk Accidents

In order to pursue a damages claim against someone for a slip and fall accident on a sidewalk, the scenario must involve negligence. Negligence cases are viable when:

  • Someone has a duty of care towards something, like a duty to repair sidewalks abutting their property
  • Someone breaches that duty through an abnormal level of neglect or apathy
  • The breach in duty led to an accident
  • The accident resulted in an injury with medical costs

An important concept to note is that the person with a duty of care must have been acting unreasonably. So, if they could not reasonably have noticed a defect in the sidewalk because it was so small or did not seem like it posed a danger, they may not be liable.

This situation arises many times when sidewalks are wet from rain or covered in snow and ice. State agencies are explicitly immune from liability for dangerous conditions created from snow and ice, unless the condition was purposefully caused by the agency in question. [WV Code §29-12A-5] Private entities may not be liable if they did not have a reasonable amount of time to respond to the condition, such as if someone slips on their section of sidewalk at 5 AM, when workers have not yet woken up after a freeze.

Pursuing Legal Action With Help From a Personal Injury Attorney

Rules, exceptions and nuance dictate an injured individual’s options for recovering damages following an accident on a sidewalk. They should document their injuries and the conditions of the sidewalk thoroughly. They can also approach a Charleston slip and fall accident lawyer to learn how to proceed strategically with their case.

Request a Free Consultation

For more than 30 years, the lawyers of Stewart Bell, PLLC have helped the people and businesses of West Virginia protect their interests and rights. We understand the issues that injured people and their families face after an accident and work quickly to obtain the MAXIMUM amount of compensation for every case we handle.

We have recovered MILLIONS of dollars for clients injured because of nursing home abuse, motor vehicle accidents or medical malpractice.

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